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A health insurance cooperative is a cooperative entity that has the goal of providing health insurance and is also owned by the people that the organization insures.〔 Of the 29 health insurance co-ops created through the Affordable Care Act (ACA), fewer than 3 remain fiscally stable. Only two are thought to be able to remain beyond 2016.("What Is a Health Insurance Co-op? (Health Insurance Cooperative)" About.com: Patient Empowerment ) Retrieved on August 17, 2009〕 It is a form of mutual insurance. ==United States== In the debate over healthcare reform, health care cooperatives are posited as an alternative to both publicly funded health care and single-payer health care. It has been proposed as part of the health care reform debate in the United States by the Barack Obama administration as a possible compromise with Blue Dog Democrats (as well as with Republicans) in the search for universal health care in the United States.〔("White House appears ready to drop 'public option'" ) Retrieved on August 17, 2009〕〔("White House Appears Open to Insurance Co-ops" New York Times ) Retrieved on August 17, 2009〕〔("Chances Dim for a Public Plan" The Wall Street Journal ) Retrieved on August 18, 2009〕 As it is being proposed by President Obama and others, a future health insurance cooperative would not be government owned or run, but would instead receive an initial government investment and would then be operated as a non-profit organization.〔("President Obama Considering Insurance Co-Op" KKTV.com ) Retrieved on August 17, 2009〕 While a health insurance co-op is not strictly run by the government, hence not making it a public entity, it has been described by Senator Max Baucus of Montana, who is also the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Finance as "tough enough to keep insurance companies’ feet to the fire."〔("Co-op Health Plan Emerging as a Senate Option" New York Times ) Retrieved on August 17, 2009〕 He has proposed a bill that includes a health insurance cooperative instead of the public option.〔("Zen Health Reform" - Slate.com ) Retrieved September 18, 2009〕 There once were numerous rural health cooperatives established by the Farm Security Administration (FSA). Most of them closed or merged over the years, generally because they lacked a sufficient economy of scale (i.e., they were too small to function efficiently). Thus, co-operatives currently have so little market share as to be "invisible".〔Michael R. Grey. New Deal Medicine: The Rural Health Programs of the Farm Security Administration. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1999.〕 The bill proposed by Max Baucus, the America’s Healthy Future Act, which uses health insurance cooperatives, was estimated by the Congressional Budget Office to cost $829 billion over ten years, and because of the increase in taxes of $210 billion over 10 years〔The Atlantic, ("New CBO Score Of Baucus Bill" ) 07 Oct 2009〕 on premium insurance plans with high benefits, would lead to a reduction in the deficit of $81 billion.〔("The Baucus Bill Cuts The Deficit" - theAtlantic.com ) Retrieved October 7, 2009〕 It would expand coverage to 94 percent of all eligible Americans.〔("Health bill would cost $829B, help cover 94 pct" - Seattle Times ) Retrieved August 7, 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Health insurance cooperative」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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